- The Kalangs of Java were a community of skilled forest cutters and shifting cultivators.
- In 1755, when the Mataram Kingdom of Java split, about 6,000 Kalang families were equally divided between the two kingdoms.
- Without their expertise, it would have been difficult to harvest teak and for the kings to build their palaces.
- When the Dutch began to gain control over the forests in the 18th century, they tried to make the kalangs work under them.
- In 1770, the Kalangs resisted by attacking a Dutch fort at Joana, but the uprising was suppressed.
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